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2023 3

2022 2

2020 2

2017 2

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分布式博弈策略；无人机；分布式模型预测控制；基于Levy飞行的鸽群优化算法；非奇异快速终端滑模观测器；避障策略 1

协同碰撞避免系统；改进的粒子群算法；PID控制器；行驶舒适性；燃油经济性 1

卷吸 1

反射波转换 1

多传感器融合；障碍物检测；野外环境；智能车；无人驾驶地面车辆 1

多移动机器人系统；碰撞避免；死锁避免；粘连节点；运动协同 1

干扰避免 1

无人机；避障；鸽群优化；多目标社会学习鸽群优化 1

最佳路径 1

灭火效果 1

移动机器人 1

线性突发传送 1

细水雾 1

行人；混合强化学习；自动驾驶汽车；决策 1

视觉感知；自主定位；地图构建；运动规划；无人车 1

超声波传感器 1

路径规划 1

障碍挡板 1

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Research on Anthropomorphic Obstacle Avoidance Trajectory Planning for Adaptive Driving Scenarios Based

Jian Wu,Yang Yan,Yulong Liu,Yahui Liu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.07.018

摘要： The forward design of trajectory planning strategies requires preset trajectory optimization functions, resulting in poor adaptability of the strategy and an inability to accurately generate obstacle avoidance trajectories that conform to real driver behavior habits. In addition, owing to the strong time-varying dynamic characteristics of obstacle avoidance scenarios, it is necessary to design numerous trajectory optimization functions and adjust the corresponding parameters. Therefore, an anthropomorphic obstacle-avoidance trajectory planning strategy for adaptive driving scenarios is proposed. First, numerous expert-demonstrated trajectories are extracted from the HighD natural driving dataset. Subsequently, a trajectory expectation feature-matching algorithm is proposed that uses maximum entropy inverse reinforcement learning theory to learn the extracted expert-demonstrated trajectories and achieve automatic acquisition of the optimization function of the expert-demonstrated trajectory. Furthermore, a mapping model is constructed by combining the key driving scenario information that affects vehicle obstacle avoidance with the weight of the optimization function, and an anthropomorphic obstacle avoidance trajectory planning strategy for adaptive driving scenarios is proposed. Finally, the proposed strategy is verified based on real driving scenarios. The results show that the strategy can adjust the weight distribution of the trajectory optimization function in real time according to the “emergency degree” of obstacle avoidance and the state of the vehicle. Moreover, this strategy can generate anthropomorphic trajectories that are similar to expert-demonstrated trajectories, effectively improving the adaptability and acceptability of trajectories in driving scenarios.

关键词： Obstacle avoidance trajectory planning Inverse reinforcement theory Anthropomorphic Adaptive driving scenarios

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移动机器人障碍躲避的最佳路径

郭戈

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第5期页码 70-75

摘要：

提出一种以障碍物和机器人位置和速度等信息为基础的障碍躲避方法，重点探讨了确定性环境下障碍躲避和转弯过程中机器人应遵循的合理路径问题，并通过证明指出了给定环境条件下实现转弯和障碍躲避的最佳路径。仿真实验表明，该结论简单有效，便于实施，具有较高的应用价值。

关键词：移动机器人超声波传感器障碍躲避路径规划最佳路径

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Obstacle-circumventing adaptive control of a four-wheeled mobile robot subjected to motion uncertainties

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0753-3

摘要： To achieve the collision-free trajectory tracking of the four-wheeled mobile robot (FMR), existing methods resolve the tracking control and obstacle avoidance separately. Guaranteeing the synergistic robustness and smooth navigation of mobile robots subjected to motion uncertainties in a dynamic environment using this non-cooperative processing method is difficult. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an obstacle-circumventing adaptive control (OCAC) framework. Specifically, a novel anti-disturbance terminal slide mode control with adaptive gains is formulated, incorporating specified control laws for different stages. This formulation guarantees rapid convergence and simultaneous chattering elimination. By introducing sub-target points, a new sub-target dynamic tracking regression obstacle avoidance strategy is presented to transfer the obstacle avoidance problem into a dynamic tracking one, thereby reducing the burden of local path searching while ensuring system stability during obstacle circumvention. Comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed OCAC method can strengthen the convergence and obstacle avoidance efficiency of the concerned FMR system.

关键词： four-wheeled mobile robot obstacle-circumventing adaptive control adaptive anti-disturbance terminal sliding mode control sub-target dynamic tracking regression obstacle avoidance

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A new efficient optimal path planner for mobile robot based on Invasive Weed Optimization algorithm

Prases K. MOHANTY,Dayal R. PARHI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第9卷第4期页码 317-330 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0304-z

摘要：

Planning of the shortest/optimal route is essential for efficient operation of autonomous mobile robot or vehicle. In this paper Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO), a new meta-heuristic algorithm, has been implemented for solving the path planning problem of mobile robot in partially or totally unknown environments. This meta-heuristic optimization is based on the colonizing property of weeds. First we have framed an objective function that satisfied the conditions of obstacle avoidance and target seeking behavior of robot in partially or completely unknown environments. Depending upon the value of objective function of each weed in colony, the robot avoids obstacles and proceeds towards destination. The optimal trajectory is generated with this navigational algorithm when robot reaches its destination. The effectiveness, feasibility, and robustness of the proposed algorithm has been demonstrated through series of simulation and experimental results. Finally, it has been found that the developed path planning algorithm can be effectively applied to any kinds of complex situation.

关键词： mobile robot obstacle avoidance Invasive Weed Optimization navigation

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基于多目标社会学习鸽群优化的多无人机避障控制 Research

阮婉莹1,段海滨1,2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第5期页码 649-808 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000066

摘要：提出多目标社会学习鸽群优化（MSLPIO）方法，将其应用于无人机编队避障控制。该算法特点在于，每只鸽子在更新过程中并非向全局最优的鸽子学习，而是学习比自己占优的任何鸽子。在地图指南针算子和地标算子中引入社会学习因子。此外，为避免参数设置的盲目性，采用维数相关的参数设置方法。本文模拟了5架飞机在复杂障碍环境下的飞行过程，实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。与改进的多目标鸽群优化算法和改进的非占优排序遗传算法相比，MSLPIO具有更好的收敛性。

关键词：无人机；避障；鸽群优化；多目标社会学习鸽群优化

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Parasitic rotation evaluation and avoidance of 3-UPU parallel mechanism

Haibo QU, Yuefa FANG, Sheng GUO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第2期页码 210-218 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0317-4

摘要：

Based on the prototype of 3-UPU (universal-prismatic-universal joint) parallel mechanism proposed by Tsai [ ], the parasitic rotation evaluation is performed and calculated the bound of instability of SNU Seoul National University 3-UPU parallel mechanism. Through analysis of the terminal constraint system of the 3-UPU parallel mechanism, the equation about the parasitic rotation and limited clearance is presented. Then the norm of possible parasitic rotation is employed to evaluate the mechanism stability with limited clearance. The higher this number the worst is the pose, the lower it is the best it is. And the contour atlas of parasitic rotation is obtained, which can be used for further analysis and design. With the practice experiment result of SUN 3-UPU parallel mechanism, we find it’s bound of instability, which indicates there will appear the parasitic rotation when the number exceeds the bound. Finally, the method for avoidance of possible parasitic motions is presented by adding redundantly actuated limbs.

关键词： parallel mechanism 3-UPU (universal-prismatic-universal joint) parasitic motions limited clearance redundantly actuated limbs

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细水雾对障碍物挡板火灭火有效性的实验研究

刘晅亚,陆守香,黄玥,陈国庆

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第5期页码 88-93

摘要：

在不同障碍物挡板阻隔条件下，就细水雾对油池火的灭火效果进行了实验研究，分析了不同空间位置的障碍物挡板对细水雾灭火效果的影响，采用FDS40对细水雾与不同类型障碍物挡板油池火的相互作用过程的模拟结果表明：障碍物结构与类型影响着细水雾直接作用于油池火上方的水雾通量，油池火上方的水雾卷吸量越大，细水雾对障碍火的灭火效果越明显。

关键词：细水雾障碍挡板灭火效果卷吸

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具有外部干扰和障碍物的无人机编队分布式博弈策略 Research Article

袁洋1,邓亦敏1,罗斯达2,段海滨1,3

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第7期页码 1020-1031 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100559

摘要：本文研究了具有外部干扰和障碍物的无人机编队分布式博弈策略，该策略基于分布式模型预测控制（MPC）框架和基于Levy飞行的鸽群优化算法（LFPIO）。首先，提出一种非奇异快速终端滑模观测器（NFTSMO）估计无人机受扰动的影响，并利用Lyapunov函数证明该观测器在固定时间内收敛。其次，设计一种基于拓扑重构的避障策略，使无人机能够以较小能量消耗安全通过障碍物。然后，建立一个分布式MPC框架，该框架中每架无人机仅与邻居交换消息，通过设计分布式MPC代价函数，将无人机编队问题转化为博弈问题，并利用基于Levy飞行的鸽群优化算法求解纳什均衡。最后，利用数值仿真对比实验验证所提策略的有效性。

关键词：分布式博弈策略；无人机；分布式模型预测控制；基于Levy飞行的鸽群优化算法；非奇异快速终端滑模观测器；避障策略

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Shadow obstacle model for realistic corner-turning behavior in crowd simulation

Gao-qi HE,Yi JIN,Qi CHEN,Zhen LIU,Wen-hui YUE,Xing-jian LU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第3期页码 200-211 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500253

摘要： This paper describes a novel model known as the shadow obstacle model to generate a realistic corner-turning behavior in crowd simulation. The motivation for this model comes from the observation that people tend to choose a safer route rather than a shorter one when turning a corner. To calculate a safer route, an optimization method is proposed to generate the corner-turning rule that maximizes the viewing range for the agents. By combining psychological and physical forces together, a full crowd simulation framework is established to provide a more realistic crowd simulation. We demonstrate that our model produces a more realistic corner-turning behavior by comparison with real data obtained from the experiments. Finally, we perform parameter analysis to show the believability of our model through a series of experiments.

关键词： Corner-turning behavior Crowd simulation Safety awareness Rule-based model

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基于改进粒子群算法优化的PID控制器在协同碰撞避免系统中的应用 Article

Xing-chen WU, Gui-he QIN, Ming-hui SUN, He YU, Qian-yi XU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1385-1395 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601427

摘要：为解决将PID控制器引入协同碰撞避免（cooperative collision avoidance system，CCAS）的研究中存在的不能合理优化PID控制器，以及对车辆行驶稳定性、舒适性及燃油经济性研究不足的问题

关键词：协同碰撞避免系统；改进的粒子群算法；PID控制器；行驶舒适性；燃油经济性

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一种新型变尺寸多移动机器人的运动协同方法 Research Article

邢子超,汪星恺,王硕,吴维敏,胡瑞芬

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第4期页码 521-535 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200160

摘要：多移动机器人系统（MMRS）广泛用于制造业和仓储等工业场景的运输。在MMRS中，碰撞和死锁可能导致财产损失或系统停滞，因此运动协同十分重要。然而，在一些场景中，机器人尺寸在载货和未载货时是不同的，即机器人尺寸是变化的，这使得运动协同更具挑战性。基于区域控制的方法首先需要将环境划分为不相交区域，然后通过区域的分配静态或动态地进行运动协同。但是，这种基于区域控制的方法对于变尺寸机器人不够精确，降低系统效率。因此，提出一种基于粘连节点的运动协调方法，可基于路线图和机器人实时路径动态避免碰撞和死锁。粘连节点的动态特性使该方法不必对环境分区即可适用于各种场景。所提方法已应用于多个工业项目，本文基于一些制造业项目进行实验。理论分析和实验结果表明所提算法是有效和高效的。

关键词：多移动机器人系统；碰撞避免；死锁避免；粘连节点；运动协同

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基于多传感器融合的智能车在野外环境中的障碍物检测研究 Review

胡劲文,郑博尹,王策,赵春晖,侯晓磊,潘泉,徐钊

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第5期页码 649-808 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900518

摘要：随着传感器融合技术发展，人们对智能地面车辆进行大量研究，其中障碍物检测是一个关键技术。障碍物检测是一项复杂任务，涉及多种障碍物、传感器特性和环境条件。虽然道路驾驶员辅助系统或自动驾驶系统已得到充分研究，但是为城市场景结构化道路开发的方法应用于野外环境时，可能因不确定性和多样性而失效。单一类型传感器由于感受范围、信号特征和检测环境的限制，难以满足障碍物检测需求，这促使研究人员和工程师开发多传感器融合方法和系统集成。该综述旨在总结野外环境中智能地面车辆的车载多传感器配置的主要考虑事项，为用户提供根据性能要求和应用环境选择传感器的指南。本文回顾了最新多传感器融合方法和系统原型，将其与对应的异构传感器配置相关联，讨论了新兴技术和面临的挑战。

关键词：多传感器融合；障碍物检测；野外环境；智能车；无人驾驶地面车辆

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Optimization of aero-engine pipeline for avoiding vibration based on length adjustment of straight-line segment

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第1期页码 11-11 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0667-x

摘要： In the design and troubleshooting of aero-engine pipeline, the vibration reduction of the pipeline system is often achieved by adjusting the hoop layout, provided that the shape of pipeline remains unchanged. However, in reality, the pipeline system with the best antivibration performance may be obtained only by adjusting the pipeline shape. In this paper, a typical spatial pipeline is taken as the research object, the length of straight-line segment is taken as the design variable, and an innovative optimization method of avoiding vibration of aero-engine pipeline is proposed. The relationship between straight-line segment length and parameters that determine the geometric characteristics of the pipeline, such as the position of key reference points, bending angle, and hoop position, are derived in detail. Based on this, the parametric finite element model of the pipeline system is established. Taking the maximum first-order natural frequency of pipeline as the optimization objective and introducing process constraints and vibration avoidance constraints, the optimization model of the pipeline system is established. The genetic algorithm and the golden section algorithm are selected to solve the optimization model, and the relevant solution procedure is described in detail. Finally, two kinds of pipelines with different total lengths are selected to carry out a case study. Based on the analysis of the influence of straight-line segment length on the vibration characteristics of the pipeline system, the optimization methods developed in this paper are demonstrated. Results show that the developed optimization method can obtain the optimal single value or interval of the straight-line segment length while avoiding the excitation frequency. In addition, the optimization efficiency of the golden section algorithm is remarkably higher than that of the genetic algorithm for length optimization of a single straight-line segment.

关键词： length adjustment spatial pipeline aero-engine vibration avoidance optimization genetic algorithm golden section algorithm

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Influence of kinematic redundancy on the singularity-free workspace of parallel kinematic machines

Jens KOTLARSKI, Bodo HEIMANN, Tobias ORTMAIER

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第2期页码 120-134 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0321-8

摘要：

In this paper the effect of kinematic redundancy in order to reduce the singularity loci of the direct kinematics and to increase the operational, i.e., singularity-free, workspace is demonstrated. The proposed approach consists of additional prismatic actuators allowing one or more base joints to move linearly. As a result, a selective reconfiguration can be performed in order to avoid singular configurations. Exemplarily, kinematically redundant schemes of four structures, the 3RRR, the 3RPR, the 6UPS, and the 6RUS, are considered. The relationship between the redundancy and the operational workspace is studied and several analysis examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed concept. Furthermore, the additional benefit of an increasing number of redundant actuators is discussed.

关键词： parallel robots kinematic redundancy singularity avoidance operational workspace